What is an Audio Interface?
When recording in a home studio, it’s common to use what is known as an audio interface to convert audio from a microphone into digital data that you can manipulate inside a computer.
Interfaces contain microphone preamps that amplify the signal and sometimes, if desired, give the sound a “color” to make a record more unique. Many modern records are made this way in home studios and basements worldwide. Technology has come a long way, and recording yourself has become affordable.
Audio interfaces come in various sizes and prices, ranging from one microphone input to eight. Specific audio interfaces can also be daisy-chained together to expand the number of microphones you can record simultaneously.
Factors to Consider when Buying an Audio Interface for Recording Drums
Firstly, compatibility with your recording software is crucial to ensure seamless integration and workflow efficiency. Secondly, the number of inputs and outputs will determine how many microphones and other audio sources you can connect simultaneously.
Additionally, the interface’s sample rate and bit depth capabilities will impact your recordings’ resolution and fidelity. But in my experience, I still record at 44.1kHz. This is still the industry standard; no one listening (especially on an iPhone) can distinguish between 44.1kHz and 192kHz.
It’s also important to consider the quality of the preamps, as they will directly affect the sound capture and clarity. Lastly, latency performance is vital for real-time monitoring and recording without any noticeable delay.
Compatibility with recording software
To ensure a seamless recording experience, it is crucial to consider the compatibility of the audio interface with your preferred recording software. Here are four key considerations to keep in mind:
- Software Compatibility: Make sure your recording software supports your chosen audio interface. Check the manufacturer’s website or product specifications for compatibility information. All the interfaces on this list should be compatible with most digital audio workstations.
- Driver Support: Verify that the audio interface has up-to-date drivers for your operating system (e.g., Windows, macOS). This ensures smooth communication between the interface and your computer. Be sure to check, especially if you own an M2 Pro/Max chip on the new Macbook Pros.
- Control Integration: Look for interfaces that offer dedicated control integration with popular recording software. This can include features like mixer control surfaces or plug-in mapping options. These capabilities can significantly enhance your workflow efficiency and ease of use during drum recording sessions (especially for monitoring while tracking).
- MIDI Integration: If you plan to incorporate MIDI devices or controllers into your drum recordings, check if the audio interface supports MIDI connectivity and integration with your software.
These compatibility factors will help you select an audio interface that seamlessly integrates with your recording software and meets all your drum recording needs.
The number of inputs and outputs is crucial when choosing an audio interface for recording drums. An adequate number of inputs allows you to capture each drum individually, ensuring optimal sound quality and control during mixing.
Additionally, more inputs provide flexibility for adding extra microphones or capturing stereo feeds from drum pads or stereo room mic setups.
On the output side, having enough outputs enables you to connect multiple monitors or processors to monitor and process your recorded drums effectively. Consider your desired level of complexity and expandability when selecting an audio interface with the right number of inputs and outputs for your drum recording setup.
If you’re recording drums, it’s best to keep it simple. You’ll still want to ensure you get an audio interface with eight preamps, but don’t expect to be recording a drum set the size of Neil Peart’s on day one.
To fully grasp the concept of recording drums, it’s essential to begin small, maybe a four-piece kit, and get the techniques correct. You may even want to experiment with smaller microphone setups, as well. A good starting point is kick, snare, and overheads. This will give you minimal phase issues and a great sound when starting.
If you need more clarification about microphones, open the following link in another tab, as we’ve outlined the best starter drum microphone kits available.
Sample rate and bit depth
Sample rate refers to the number of samples taken per second during recording. At the same time, bit depth determines each sample’s dynamic range and resolution. Choosing the right sample rate is important, but don’t overthink it too much.
A higher sample rate, such as 44.1kHz or 48kHz, allows for a more accurate representation of high-frequency details, resulting in a more transparent and detailed sound. But despite this, I still recommend recording at 44.1kHz to save on disc space, processing, and no one will tell the difference in the final product. If you’re syncing to video, you may want to record in 48kHz, as for some reason, it seems to line up better in post (don’t ask me why, I’m not a video guy).
Similarly, a higher bit depth, like 24-bit or 32-bit, provides greater dynamic range and ensures that subtle nuances in your drum performance are faithfully captured.
By selecting an audio interface with higher sample rates and bit depths, you can achieve professional-level drum recordings that accurately reproduce every detail of your playing with exceptional clarity and precision.
Preamp quality
Exceptional preamp quality is essential for capturing drum recordings’ true essence and raw power. It immerses listeners in a sonic experience that will leave them craving more.
When choosing an audio interface for recording drums, the quality of the preamps cannot be overlooked. Here are three key reasons why preamp quality matters:
- Transparent and accurate sound reproduction: High-quality preamps faithfully capture the original sound from your microphones without coloration or distortion. This results in a clean and transparent representation of your drums’ natural tones.
- Adequate gain and headroom: Preamps with high-quality components provide sufficient gain to amplify low-level signals from dynamic microphones used on drums. They also offer ample headroom, allowing you to record loud drum hits without clipping or distortion.
- Low noise floor: Good preamps have low self-noise, minimizing unwanted background noise during recording. This is particularly important when capturing subtle nuances and soft dynamics in drum performances.
Choosing an audio interface with exceptional preamp quality will elevate the overall sound of your drum recordings. It delivers professional-grade results that will impress both yourself and your listeners.
For a more professional, studio drum recording setup, you may want to go with an RME Fireface, Cranborne Audio ADAT500, and eight external 500 series preamps, like the Heritage Audio 73jr2. This professional setup will run you more than $15,000 dollars, so be aware. To put it in perspective, I use the ADAT500, but I only have two dedicated preamps that I use with the unit.
When capturing the energy and groove of your drum recordings, ensuring low-latency performance is crucial for a seamless and immersive recording experience.
Latency refers to the delay between when a sound is played or recorded and heard through the monitoring system. In drum recording, low latency is essential to maintain the natural feel and timing of the performance.
The best audio interfaces for recording drums prioritize low latency performance by utilizing advanced technology and high-speed connectivity options such as Thunderbolt or USB-C. These interfaces minimize the delay between input signals from microphones or electronic drum pads and their output through headphones or studio monitors, resulting in a more responsive and accurate monitoring experience for the drummer.
With low latency performance, you can focus on delivering your best performances without distracting delays.
Connectivity options
Take your drum recordings to the next level with the seamless connectivity options of today’s top interfaces. These interfaces offer a range of connectivity options to ensure compatibility with your setup and provide flexibility for recording drums.
Here are five key connectivity features to consider:
- USB-C: Enjoy fast and reliable data transfer between your interface and computer.
- Thunderbolt: Experience lightning-fast speeds for low-latency recording and playback.
- ADAT: Expand your input capacity by connecting additional preamps or digital devices.
- MIDI: Easily integrate MIDI controllers or trigger modules into your drum recording setup.
- Analog I/O: Connect external gear such as compressors or EQs for enhanced sound shaping.
With these connectivity options, you can effortlessly capture every detail of your drum performance and achieve professional-level recordings.
Budget
Affordability is a crucial factor when choosing a drum recording interface. As a drummer, you want an interface that fits your budget and provides high-quality sound and functionality. There are several options available that offer great value for the cost.
Consider the necessary inputs and outputs. Also, look for features like no-latency monitoring and bundled extras such as DAWs or plug-ins. Rackmount interfaces can provide more options and flexibility if needed.
While staying within your budget is essential, investing in a reliable and versatile audio interface will significantly enhance your drum recording experience and help you achieve professional-level results.
How much to spend on an audio interface?
If you’re new to recording drums, start small with an affordable drum recording interface. As you move up the price ladder, you’ll find that spending upwards of $1,000 won’t change the quality of your home studio drum recordings.
As you “practice” recording and engineering more and more, you’ll find that your recordings will vastly improve despite the gear not changing. The secret lies within the engineer and their ears.
Audio interfaces that range between $300 and $1,000 sound similar regarding preamps. Some of the more expensive audio interfaces will offer things like DSP plug-ins, extra inputs, unique preamps, and so on. For just starting, this is nothing to concern yourself with.
Can I use a mixer instead of an audio interface for recording drums?
A mixer is unnecessary for recording drums, though some mixers have built-in audio interfaces. A standard audio interface with preamps, headphone output, and low latency is sufficient. A mixer may be used for live sound or routing signals, but an audio interface is recommended for recording purposes.
How many channels do I need for recording drums with an audio interface?
For the most basic setup, you can get away with recording drums with one microphone (a mono overhead placed relatively close to the drum kit). If you’re a complete beginner, start with a single-mic setup.
For a more advanced setup, you’ll want a minimum of four channels to record drums with an audio interface. This allows for individual mics on the kick, snare, and overheads. More channels provide greater control and flexibility in capturing the drum sound.
Do all audio interfaces for recording drums have built-in preamps?
Yes, all audio interfaces for recording drums have built-in preamps. Preamps are necessary to amplify the microphone signals before converting them to a digital format.
Can I use an audio interface with my iPad or iPhone for drum recording?
You can use an audio interface with your iPad or iPhone for drum recording. Many audio interfaces are compatible with Mac, PC, iPad, iPhone, and iPod. Just ensure that the interface you choose has USB-C or USB-A connectivity. And make sure the interface is compatible with iOS.
24 comments
Thomas Story
Juuust starting out in this side of things and i have a couple green questions; If we’re playing live and im micing up the drums and running guitar and bass into the interface, is there a way I can run it into a PA and also into logic or some other recording mixer? I bought a roland go mixer thats pretty cool and use a board to run everyone into and back into the roland go mixer. but its really hard to get the levels right. Also, if all of my drums are mic’d individually, is there a way to lock in each level to adjust the drums entirley once im trying to get the volume lined up with the other instruments? hopefully this makes sense. any advice is appreciated.
Thomas Story
Hello! Quick Question;
Juuust starting out in this side of things and i have a couple green questions; If we’re playing live and im micing up the drums and running guitar and bass into the interface, is there a way I can run it into a PA and also into logic or some other recording mixer? I bought a roland go mixer thats pretty cool and use a board to run everyone into and back into the roland go mixer. but its really hard to get the levels right. Also, if all of my drums are mic’d individually, is there a way to lock in each level to adjust the drums entirley once im trying to get the volume lined up with the other instruments? hopefully this makes sense. any advice is appreciated.
Quentin
Hello,
This is very informative, thank you very much. I did tests with a Behringer I borrowed, and actually it is not usable. Sounds from mic > audio interface > Cakewalk (for EQ,…) > audio interface > my headphones : Latency is too big. I’m playing with a mixer right now and there is no perceptible latency. So, is this setup (mic > scarlett > daw > scarlett > headphones) possible with no perceptible latency? As I don’t want the raw sound of mics in my headphones, but the mixed sound out of Cakewalk. Or maybe a mixer/audio interface as Zoom Livetrack or Soundcraft MTK would better fit my needs? (main use is live streaming drums)
Thank you very much again.
Nick Cesarz
HI Quentin. You’ll want to use Direct Monitoring. There should be a setting in the Scarlett settings. The only issue—you won’t be able to use your DAW effects with your headphones. If you want to use your DAW still, you can try lowering the buffer on the interface to get lower latency. More: https://support.focusrite.com/hc/en-gb/articles/360006972599-Direct-Monitoring-on-the-Scarlett-4i4-3rd-Gen
Pete
Hi there,I’m looking for a good interface Scarlett 18i20 and Tascam 16×08 to record my drum kit
The question I have is the Scarlett 18i20 come with Protools First but it says you can only record 4 tracks simultaneously
The Tascam doesn’t come with DAW software but I was thinking of using the free Cakewalk Daw
Regards Pete
Val Taylor
Hello Nick,
Some really great information in the article.
I’m interested to know about the work around regarding recording and mixing electronic drum pads individually when you usual only have a stereo out from the brain.
Many thanks
Nick Cesarz
Hi Val! Thanks for the kind words! Unfortunately, there’s no easy solution when using only stereo out. You’ll have to pre-mix the pads, as there’s no way to change levels once the audio passes through the stereo out. The work-arounds are as follows, but aren’t totally useful:
1) Record each pad individually with your DAW and create separate tracks.
2) Record the MIDI performance and feed the MIDI back to your pad, recording each separately (using a USB cable).
3) Record MIDI into your DAW and use a drum sampler like Battery (using a USB cable).
Hope that helps! Please let me know if you have any other questions or if I missed your intent.
Rich Latimer
Hi Nick,
Thanks for the article brother. It reaffirmed my purchase of the Scarlett and the Octo-Pre. I’m recording projects with this equipment that have gotten amazing results. My best bud who I grew up with sings with the AWB and thinks the project s I’m recording sound awesome. My question Nick is, I’m trying to lay down separate tracks with a Yamaha DTx12 in Protools as percussion tracks i.e. bells, claps etc.
I don’t know how to connect the DTX to the Scarlett and then hear them as separate tracks.
Any help you can offer would be awesome. Thanks Nick.
Rich Latimer – Drummer
Nick Cesarz
Hey Rich! Awesome to hear it.
There’s really two ways you can connect your DTX to Pro Tools: via MIDI USB or recording the LR output of the DTX with a DI box. Recording the LR output will give you access to the sounds included with the Yamaha DTX.
Recording the MIDI USB information allows you to use software/samples for additional sounds.
I’m curious to what you mean… “hear them as separate tracks.” Are you trying to separate each of the pads and then mix them independently later on? Unfortunately, there’s no simple solution, since the DTX only gives us a stereo output. There is a work around, and I’ll explain it further if this is what you’re talking about!
Cheers
Greg
Hi is the headphone out loud enough for recording drums on the Scarlett? I have a steinberg and even with the volume turned all the way up, I still hear my drums over the track.
Nick Cesarz
Hey Greg. I’ve had this problem in the past before, as well. Sometimes it can be difficult to setup a monitor mix that is loud enough if you’re just monitoring on the way in. The Scarlett most likely won’t be a fix to this issue.
You could try some pre-processing inside your DAW and monitoring from there. Else, something I can’t recommend more, is getting a pair of GK Ultraphones. They have insane isolation and sound incredible. I can’t imagine tracking drums without them after trying them out.
rodel
Hello! This is very informative.
I am new to this, and I am confused of what to use in drumming. sound card or a mixer? Some say mixer and some say soundcard like focusrite with 8 channel.
Please help.
Nick Cesarz
Hi,
I suppose it somewhat depends on what you’d like to do. Mixers are easier to use and often don’t require a computer. You could use a mixer if you’re just looking to hear your miked drums with in-ear monitors or headphones.
A lot of mixers also have a built-in audio interface (soundcard as you refer to it). In my experience, I’ve always liked using standard audio interfaces more — especially the Focusrite 18i20. For the price, you can’t beat it. I also own UAD and MOTU stuff (too expensive).
I should also mention, I’m mainly talking home recording for drummers who want to record themselves. There’s a LOT better options out there once you cross the $2k-3k mark in terms of recording interfaces, but at that point you’re better off going to a professional studio.
Joe
Wow can’t believe I found this! Just got off the phone with a Sweetwater consultant inquiring about the 18i20. Great info Nick thanks a lot. Can you recommend a decent recording software and are they hard to learn?
Nick Cesarz
Hey Joe,
Glad Sweetwater was of aid to helping you pick!
Regarding the varying recording software, The 18i20 comes bundled with Pro Tools | First and Ableton Live Lite. Lots of recording studios still use Pro Tools, so I don’t think this would be a bad place to start.
There definitely is a learning curve, so be aware (you’ll be on YouTube for a while learning, I’m afraid). I like Cubase, myself, but all digital audio workstations get the job done and it’s subjective. There is no difference in audio quality between the differing software. It’s all about the source you record, the microphones, and sometimes the microphone preamps (last 5% of the sound IMO). Fresh heads, a decent room, and some good mics will get you 95% of the way to a good drum recording.
Hope that helps!
Nick
Joe
Thanks Nick. I forgot to ask one more question. Can you play to drum-less tracks with the 18i20 while listening through headphones?
Nick Cesarz
Yes. I am able to listen to YouTube, Spotify, my library, drumless tracks, loops, etc… while playing along with my setup.
The 18i20 uses Focusrite Control (software that comes with) that you’ll adjust levels with.
Jim
Hi Nick,
I got a ton of great info from this…
I am wondering what your thoughts are on this idea…
First of all, I am new to all this…
I am thinking of using overhead and kick mics to record. Then run the mics in to an amplifier head, then run the amp output in to a 2 channel audio interface, and then in to my PC (software)…
Will this Frankenstein setup actually record decent tracks? Should I use the amp settings to make it sound good or should I just set them all flat or something?
Also, I am really only trying to get scratch tracks, I am not producing an album or anything.
Thank you in advance!
Nick Cesarz
Hey Jim, thanks!
I would most likely run the kick and overhead microphones directly into the audio interface and then, from there, manipulate the sound within the computer. That being said, give it a shot! Try recording through the amplifier head to see what kind of results you get!
Let me know if you have any other questions!
Nick
Paul Repak
I’ve done LOTS of searching online in the last 48 hours and this may be one of the most productive articles yet.
One thing though… can I multitrack with the 18i20? … I’d like the ability to record to six or 8 different tracks so I can edit each drum mic separately.
Thank you.
Paul
Nick Cesarz
Paul. Thanks for reading. You absolutely can multitrack with the 18i20. It’s probably the best bet for both value and versatility. Eight channels are plenty for doing kick, snare, toms, overheads, and rooms even. Depending of course on how many drums and microphones you have. 🙂
Another benefit to the 18i20 is the ADAT input/output on the back of the unit. You can buy another eight-channel preamp, like a second 18i20, connect 1 optical ADAT cable, and get a total of 16 separate microphone inputs.
Zach
I have been looking for a question/answer like this for weeks but never receive a clear answer. Thank you for addressing this. To clarify, if a purchase a USB interface (like one of the above you’ve mentioned) I can get 8 inputs that will remain as 8 tracks once they hit my PC? I currently have StudioOne (I read Presonus isn’t your favorite). Definitely need that full control to edit each track after the fact. Thanks again.
Nick Cesarz
Yes! You will have control over each of the eight channels. Despite my negative view, I think StudioOne is a perfect option. In fact, I bet a lot of their newer products are much better than my FireStudio that never liked to work. I just had negative experience years back.
James Quinn
Great list! I use tascam